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NTResources.com

Resources for New Testament Studies

Important notice: I have recently (Jan. '06) been advised that my institutional faculty page address may change totally (we're moving to a portal system, I'm told). If that happens, all the pages in this web will have new URLs. Please bookmark this page as <www.NTResources.com> rather than as the address which appears in the address bar above. This URL will always bring you to my web site (from which you can find the sub-page you need), even if it becomes part of an institutional portal or if I decide to rent my own server space elsewhere.

[The Greek NT reading displayed above right requires Unicode capability (XP & OSX both work fine) and a Unicode font which includes polytonic Greek (e.g., Gentium, Cardo, Lucida Grande, etc.).]

Newest materials (also listed below &/or on related pages):

(Materials added over the preceding year will be listed here as well as in appropriate sections below.)

11/14/06, now available: Papers from the Dispensational Study Group at the Evangelical Theological Society annual meeting, Nov 16, 2006, Washington, DC.: re. use of Amos 9 in Acts 15 (main paper: W. E. Glenny and response paper by R. J. Decker). 11/30.06, the rejoinder and surrejoinder papers have now been posted.

10/30/06, Newly updated and revised:  Recommended Bibliography for Beginning Greek Students

9/22/06, Several new additions this month to my BDAG errata page

9/22/06, My youngest Greek student ... :)

9/18/06, Spurgeon on Preaching and the Biblical Languages; this is a brief (5 pgs) collection of excerpts from Spurgeon's On Commenting and Commentaries in which he discusses preaching in general as well as some comments on the pastor's use of the biblical languages. The first page is my introduction to the topic. (pdf)

9/13/06, Supplement/update to ch. 2 ("Off the Shelf and into Yourself: Selecting the Right Tools for Greek Exegesis") of David Alan Black's Using New Testament Greek in Ministry (Baker, 1993). Any discussion of bibliographical resources eventually becomes dated and needs to be revised to add more recent works. Since Black’s book was published in 1993, it is long overdue for an update. This is especially true in terms of computer resources, but even major reference works in print are revised from time to time and new works are published which supersede older standards. These notes are designed to supplement and update Dr. Black’s recommendations. (v 1.1 posted 9/14, 2 typos fixed & 2 new listings added.)

9/5/06, Elementary Greek Vocabulary (.pdf file) This document contains all the NT Greek words that occur 50 times or more in the NT, sorted by chapter in Mounce's Basics of Biblical Greek and including the card numbers from both Gromacki's and Mounce's vocabulary cards. List updated, expanded, and revised, Sept. 2006.

5/2/06, LXX Greek vocabulary list by frequency. One of the more frequent questions I've been asked over the past few years is, "Where can I find a vocabulary frequency list for the Septuagint?" I've not been able to point to any such tool, so eventually I got around to making a beginning attempt at offering such a tool. This one is by no means complete. It offers only the most frequent words from the LXX: all those which occur 100 or more times in the LXX--519 words, to be specific. My guess is that given the vocab size of the LXX, this may be roughly analogous to a first year Greek NT vocab list (which often gives words occurring 50+ times in the NT). Perhaps I will be able to extend it to include more words at a later time. I fully realize that some have hesitated to offer such a list until the Gottingen LXX is completed (and some folks are becoming cautiously optimistic that the Gottingen may actually be completed in our lifetime!), but so long as one realizes that this is a provisional list based on Rahlfs' text and the stats in Lust, Eynikel, and Hauspie's LXX lexicon, I think it will serve a useful, if limited, tool for those students who want to work on vocabulary beyond that of the NT for reading in the LXX. I also want to thank my wife for helping enter some of the LXX frequency data in my database.
5/8/06, Thanks to a good suggestion from one of my former students, Rich Lucas, here's a subset list: all the words occurring in the LXX 100 or more times but less than 25 times in the NT--192 words.

4/11/06, Gospel of Judas, here are some links and bibliography as well as a PowerPoint file from a presentation that I made on the Gospel of Judas for a pastor's conference. As of 4/12 I've now added the ppt file, an outline in pdf, as well as links to audio versions of my presentation at the conference.

4/3/06, What Does a Translator Have to Offer the Reader? A Response to Dr. C. John Collins, plenary response paper presented at Northeastern Region ETS meeting, 4/1/2006 at Mid-America Baptist Seminary, Northeast Campus, Schenectady, NY. Dr. Collins' two plenary sessions were his presentation of his chapter (ch. 3) in Translating Truth: The Case for Essentially Literal Bible Translation (Wheaton: Crossway, 2005). 183K pdf file, 18 pgs. (This copy now contains a few proof-reading corrections and two brief, post-conf. notes.)

3/21/06, A revised index to NT materials in much of ANRW has just been posted. This now covers 53 vols. of Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt (Rise and Decline of the Roman World) and updates an earlier index project by some of my Ph.D. students.

3/20/06, Periphrastics. This is an early draft of material that will one day be included in Mark: A Handbook on the Greek Text. Baylor Handbook on the Greek NT, vol. 2, ed. Martin Culy. Waco, Tex: Baylor Univ. Press, forthcoming (some day!).

3/21/06 update, "Is It Better to Bury or to Burn? A Biblical Perspective on Cremation and Christianity in Western Culture." The Wm. R. Rice Lectures at Detroit Baptist Theological Seminary, Allen Park, Michigan, 3/15/2006. This is a major expansion of a paper posted here earlier on the same subject. (hi-res. file, around a half meg.) The currently-posted version of this paper was posted on 3/21 and includes a few minor corrections as well as some slight revisions (wording changes; an add. bibliog. citation in one f.n., etc.). There is no substantive change to the text or the position argued. New 5/3/06, DBTS page with audio links from the lectures.

1/4/06, Library Classification System for Biblical and Theological Studies, newly revised and expanded 4th ed.

Biblical Language Fonts, Unicode, etc.

• The Galilee Greek font, a sans serif Windows TrueType font for polytonic koine Greek. Lots more detail, samples, and a download link on the linked page. (This is not a Unicode font; for that see the next listing.)

• The Galilee Unicode Greek font is now available. First posted 11/1/03. Fourth beta release, v. 0.7, posted 12/27/04. Now covers classical as well as koine/Hellenistic Greek and sigla as used in the NA27 text for NT textual criticism.

• Biblical Language fonts and Unicode, an introductory discussion of font issues that arise in biblical studies; focuses primarily on Greek, but very relevant to Hebrew or Aramaic as well. This is a summary of some of what I have learned in the process of designing the Galilee font. Includes "What a NT Student Should Know about Unicode" (2d ed. of a 13 page paper that explains what Unicode is, how it relates to "doing Greek" on a computer, and how to use it; with a bibliography).
• 12/25/04: Mac OS X 10.2+ Unicode keyboard layout for polytonic Greek following the TLG beta code system. Details on the page linked, but generally this is the Mac equivalent of using Keyman on Windows with the Classical Greek keyboard by Lopez.

Book Reviews & Summaries

• Review of BDAG: 3d ed. of Bauer/Danker, Greek-English Lexicon of the NT (includes not just a review but also extensive resources designed to teach students how to use this tool as well as additional information about BDAG and photos of the authors/editors). See also my BDAG errata page.

• A few notes/summary of the new (2004) Danker Festschrift (Biblical Greek Language and Lexicography)

• The Poor Man's Porter--A synopsis of Stan Porter's valuable tome, Verbal Aspect in the Greek of the New Testament, with Reference to Tense and Mood (Sheffield, 2d ed., 1993). This link is to a 31-page .pdf file, 132K.
• Review of Mari Olsen's A Semantic and Pragmatic Model of Lexical and Grammatical Aspect. Outstanding Dissertations in Linguistics. New York: Garland, 1997. Review published in JOMAT 2.1 (1998): 110-20. (33K .pdf file)
• Middleton in Miniature--A synopsis of the first 3 chapters of Thomas F. Middleton, The Doctrine of the Greek Article Applied to the Criticism and Illustration of the New Testament (London: Rivington, 1833), one of the greatest discussions of the Greek article ever written. This link is to a 13-page .pdf file, 52K.
• Review of Mastering NT Greek Vocabulary by Mark Wilson (now also published in Journal of Ministry and Theology 7.2 [fall 2003]: 127-30) .pdf file

• Review of the English Standard Version New Testament (ESV)--two versions (an official review and a larger, unabridged version), both linked on a separate page.

• Review of Gerhard Albert Raske, Grammatical Blueprint Bible (series). London, Ont.: Fundamental Baptist Publishing House, circa 1992-. Volumes reviewed: Genesis 1-11; Ruth; Aramaic sections of OT; James; Johannine Epistles. (Joint review with Dr. Alan Ingalls, one of my OT colleagues.)
• Preliminary observations/assessment of the TNIV (Today's New International Version )

Semantics, Exegetical Method, Translation, etc.

• How Do We Use the Biblical Languages? Some Reflections on Synchronic and Diachronic Methodology in Semantics, Grammar, and Exegesis with an Excursus on Ἐκκλησία [EKKLHSIA]. (This article is much broader than the "Notes on Semantics" also listed on this page.)
• Some Notes on Semantics, Illustrated with Ἐκκλησία [EKKLHSIA]. This study addresses issues related to methodology in semantics (diachronic vs. synchronic, etc.), particularly the efforts to define the meaning of ἐκκλησία on the basis of its etymology and/or cognates. (250K .pdf file)
• Translation Theory (112K PowerPoint '97 presentation; the same in '95 format) This is a very basic, 2-class-session treatment of translation theory with brief discussions of formal/functional equivalence and inclusive language issues.
• Realistic or Historical Narrative? The Question of Historicity in the Context of Literary Approaches to Biblical Interpretation (188K v. 4 .pdf file) 16 pgs. Presented at one of our fall Faculty Forums. Addresses the question in both testaments, though illustrates from the NT (Mark, in particular). Also available in published form in JMAT 4 (2000).

• Gender Issues in Greek (inclusive language, etc.) This is an excerpt from the larger review article on the ESV (see above).

• Inspiration and Translation. This is a paper that I presented at a pastor's conference Nov. 2004. It is partly a response to arguments (e.g., by Ryken) that a belief in verbal inspiration requires a formal equivalent translation theory. There is also a brief interview (.pdf v. 6) on the same subject with the editor of one of our institutional publications (Paraklesis). It's purpose is not technical argument, but is a popular level discussion. The published article (March 2005) is only about 500 words. The version posted here is the "uncut" interview of about 1,500 words. A revised version of the larger paper is forthcoming in Detroit Baptist Seminary Journal (v. 11, 2006?).

NT/Koine Greek Grammar

The Verb & Verbal Aspect

• Temporal Deixis of the Greek Verb in the Gospel of Mark in Light of Verbal Aspect (vol. 10 in the Peter Lang series, Studies in Biblical Greek, edited by D. A. Carson; published Oct. 2000 [though with a 2001 copyright date!]; ISBN: 0-8204-5033-2). This page provides information about the book, supplementary material, errata, and some extracts (editor's and author's prefaces, etc.). Review on RBL/SBL review site. Older material, with links to more detailed information, may be found on the following dissertation pages:
• Dissertation: "Temporal Deixis of the Greek Verb in the Gospel of Mark in Light of Verbal Aspect" (Th.D., 1998)
  • Abstract: a 1-page overview.
  • Synopsis: consists of: Introduction, chapter summaries, and conclusion (86K of text + a few GIF images).
  • Bibliography: the complete bibliography in a separate file.
• Verbal Aspect in Recent Debate: Objections to Porter's Non-Temporal View of the Verb, A Paper Presented at the Evangelical Theological Society Eastern Region Annual Meeting, 3/30/01, Philadelphia Biblical University, Langhorne, PA (137K, 16 pgs. sg.-sp., .pdf file). This is an edited adaptation of pp. 38-49 of my book.
• Tense Theory (30K .pdf file) This is an excerpt from pp. 70-73 of my dissertation; it explains some of the terminology in relation to tenses in language (M-tense and L-tense, etc.).
• Evaluating the discourse function of verbal aspect (step-by-step guide using Mark 1; pdf file)
• Euthus (εὐθύς), an excerpt from my dissertation, but worth posting separately due to discussion of this word on b-greek the summer of '98.

• Intro to Verbs. This is my revision of (some parts of) ch. 15 of Mounce's BBG. The first half attempts to incorporate an aspectual approach to Greek verbs more extensively than the book. The second half is excerpted from my book on the subject. (For class purposes, I leave the 2d half for the "diligent" student.) The document is in pdf format and formatted for printing double-sided at a size that will fit inside the cover of BBG.

Other Grammar, Morphology, etc.

• Supplemental Material on MI verbs: I've just posted two documents on MI verbs. One is a correction of p. 368 in Mounce's textbook (the reference section of BBG contains mostly second aorist MI verb forms that never occur in the NT--and the ones that do occur are almost entirely missing). The second document provides a full set of all MI verb participles for the three main MI verbs (DIDWMI, hISTHMI, & TIQHMI) that occur in the NT. Both documents are sized so they can be trimmed and "tipped in" the back of BBG.
• A Brief Note on Greek Accents Particularly on Enclitic Forms and Most Particularly on the Enclitic Form εἰμί [EIMI]
• Jerusalem (Some notes on the Greek spelling). A response to several queries from my first year Greek students upon encountering the plural form of "Jerusalem" in John 2:23. They are posted here for whatever value they may be to others who have puzzled over the same question.
• What's the Subject? (70K .pdf file, v. 5) 2-page summary of the relationship of the subject and predicate nominative with linking verbs in koine Greek. Intended for beginning and intermediate Greek students.
• Colwell's Rule for the Greek article summarized and illustrated. This link is to a 4-page .pdf file, 20K.
• Preposition > noun > 'KAI' > (preposition) > noun. (12 pgs., 79K .pdf file) containing search data from Accordance v. 3.5 regarding the syntactical pattern noted in the title of this listing. How significant is the inclusion or omission of the preposition in the 2d position? I have some tentative conclusions on the last two pages of the document. Please treat it as a "first draft" (since it is!), but I'd welcome your thoughts on the matter.
• Participle Use Flow Chart (11K .pdf file, 1 page). This chart summarizes the use of the participle in the Greek of the NT. It probably doesn't list every possible use, but it covers most of them. It is designed to help the student think through the possible uses in any given text. The concept for this chart goes back to a similar one by Prof. Best at Dallas Seminary (prob. dating to the early 70s?) that I obtained from a former colleague who had attended DTS then. I have also seen the same chart with other modifications that I think may have been made by Prof. Sproule (?) at Grace Seminary. In my version of it the revisions are substantial. The official flow chart symbols are gone (Best had been an engineer, so they made sense to him, but most of my students don't relate to that genre) and there are some major additions of my own. At this point, the concept is creditable to Best, but I doubt that he'd recognize the content or the specifics as his work.
• Simplified Verb Parsing Chart (25K .pdf file). This is a one-page reference chart that I use to summarize the morphology of indicative verbs for my first year Greek students. It generally follows the approach of Bill Mounce's Basics of Biblical Greek, though I have made some of my own simplifications to his system.
• Greek Grammar Bibliography. (This is the same document as was formerly available on the Hellenistic Greek Linguistics page--which has been off-line for some time now.) If you are looking for bibliographical material, you might also want to try my dissertation bibliography which is narrower in scope but both more recent and considerably longer.

NT Textual Criticism

• P21 page updated with new photos. (Papyrus MS of Matt. 12, = POxy 1227; see miniature at top of this page.)
• NT Textual Criticism Reference Chart, v. 3.1 (Note: this is a revised, 3d ed. which includes some corrections [thanks to Wieland Willker for catching these] and expands the listings. If you downloaded an earlier edition, please replace it with this update.) (194K .pdf file; Acrobat v. 5 or higher required) This is a 4-page reference chart designed to insert inside the cover of an NA27 Greek NT. It includes a variety of info, including MS groupings by both the more traditional text types and Aland's alternate categorization. The print is small, but that's necessary to squeeze in all the information. With some "tweaks" it will also fit a UBS Greek testament (easiest: photocopy or print at about 90% and trim margins close).
• An Illustration of MS Transmission (large file, 338K, v. 4 .pdf); this is a single page, color chart that attempts to illustrate some of the historical factors that account for the fragmentary state of the extant MS evidence. It does not profess to represent actual MSS or specific stemma, but it does illustrate well, I think, that the process of MS transmission was anything but "normal" (as some majority text advocates would argue). No documentation is included--for that, see Aland's Text of the NT, 2d ed. (esp. pp. 49-64).

LXX and Other non-NT Koine Greek

• The Alexamenos Graffito, scanned image of a sketch of this graffito with a brief description and bibliographical information.
• Reading notes for a number of LXX passages, some apostolic fathers, and the early Greek creeds (pdf files). These provide the full Greek text with translation, parsing, vocabulary, syntax notes. etc. for each. The notes are for one of my elective courses in which we read koine Greek outside the NT.

• 5/2/06, LXX Greek vocabulary list by frequency. One of the more frequent questions I've been asked over the past few years is, "Where can I find a vocabulary frequency list for the Septuagint?" I've not been able to point to any such list (BibleWorks is supposed to be able to generate such a list, but it crashes for me every time I try it), so eventually I got around to making a beginning attempt at offering such a tool. This one is by no means complete. It offers only the most frequent words from the LXX: all those which occur 100 or more times in the LXX--519 words, to be specific. My guess is that given the vocab size of the LXX, this may be roughly analogous to a first year Greek NT vocab list (which often gives words occurring 50+ times in the NT). Perhaps I will be able to extend it to include more words at a later time. I fully realize that some have hesitated to offer such a list until the Gottingen LXX is completed (and some folks are becoming cautiously optimistic that the Gottingen may actually be completed in our lifetime!), but so long as one realizes that this is a provisional list based on Rahlfs' text and the stats in Lust, Eynikel, and Hauspie's LXX lexicon, I think it will serve a useful, if limited, tool for those students who want to work on vocabulary beyond that of the NT for reading in the LXX. I also want to thank my wife for helping enter some of the LXX frequency data in my database.
  5/8/06, Thanks to a good suggestion from one of my former students, Rich Lucas, here's a subset list: all the words occurring in the LXX 100 or more times but less than 25 times in the NT--192 words.

• See also my LXX page.

Biblical Theology and Exegesis

(Listed in NT order with misc. items at the end.)

• "A Response to Ed Glenny, 'Gentiles and the People of God', A Study of Apostolic Hermeneutics and Theology in Acts 15" [use of Amos 9], Evangelical Theological Society annual meeting, Nov 16, 2006, Washington, DC. (Ed is presenting the plenary session paper for the Dispensational Study Group and I am the respondent.)

• "Is It Better to Bury or to Burn? A Biblical Perspective on Cremation and Christianity in Western Culture." The Wm. R. Rice Lectures at Detroit Baptist Theological Seminary, Allen Park, Michigan, 3/15/2006. This is a major expansion of a paper posted here earlier on the same subject. (hi-res. file, around a half meg.) The currently-posted version of this paper was posted on 3/21 and includes a few minor corrections as well as some slight revisions (wording changes; an add. bibliog. citation in one f.n., etc.). There is no substantive change to the text or the position argued. New 5/3/06, DBTS page with audio links from the lectures.

• Verbal Parallels in the Account of the Feeding of the 5,000. Color-coded chart of the verbal parallels (in Greek) in this account in all four Gospels (17K .pdf file). A separate document summarizes the data from the chart (15K .pdf file).
• "A King's Ransom: The Cross in Mark" (Gospel of Mark 15:22-49; an Easter sermon from BBS seminary chapel, 3/22/05), pdf transcript; or mp3 audio (not streamed; ca. 33 meg file, 37 min.)
• It Is Because of Him, 1 Cor. 1:17-2:5, transcript of a seminary chapel address on Christian ministry in a postmodern world.
• Ephesians 5:18, "Spirit Filling" (84k, .pdf file) An exegetical discussion of the text. Also see the related chart of various views.
• Anger and Sin: Eph. 4:26 (25K .pdf file). An exegetical discussion guide of the grammatical and theological issues in this text (orig. a classroom handout).
• Phil. 2:1-4, Structural Diagram (47K .pdf file). Greek text. with (English) notes.
• The Kenosis, Phil. 2:5-11, a brief exegetical discussion of key semantic and theological issues.
• The Original Readers of Hebrews (pdf; published in JMAT 3 [1999] 20-49)
• The Warnings of Hebrews 3 and 4 (pdf; published in JMAT 4 [2001] 5-27)
• Hebrews 6, setting & theology (21K .pdf file)
• Bibliography of New Testament Biblical Theology. Compiled as part of the materials for one of the PhD classes that I teach.
• Bibliography of ANRW for NT Studies (compiled by 3 of my PhD students) ANRW = Aufstieg und Neidergang der romischen Welt (Rise and Decline of the Roman World). This is an exceedingly large set that constitutes the ultimate reference work on this subject. Articles are written by the world's foremost scholars in each area and is considered to be one of the most reliable authorities on subjects touching the Roman world--which the NT does at many points.

• Respecting the Text. This is a transcript from ShopTalk #15 at the Empire State Fellowship of Regular Baptist Churches, 11/6/03, held at First Baptist Church, Schenevus, NY. (ShopTalk is a four hour teaching seminar held three times a year by this fellowship of churches.) The basic thesis of this paper is that our bibliology ought to affect our hermeneutics and both ought to affect the way we do ministry (illustrated here with the public reading of Scripture and preaching). 18 pgs., dbl. col., small print, 504K .pdf file.

• The Jesus Seminar (TJS). This is a BBS Faculty Forum paper: "Preaching Jesus to Skeptics" and a bibliography of web links re. TJS. Note: I do not intend to maintain this section on TJS. I probably won't even be updating it even on an irregular basis. You may find some material here that is of value, but for the foreseeable future it is "frozen" in winter/spring 1997 form. If nothing else, that means that many links on the bibliography page are already out of date ("broken").

Class-Related Resources

• 10/30/06, Newly updated and revised:  Recommended Bibliography for Beginning Greek Students

• 9/13/06, Supplement/update to ch. 2 ("Off the Shelf and into Yourself: Selecting the Right Tools for Greek Exegesis") of David Alan Black's Using New Testament Greek in Ministry (Baker, 1993). Any discussion of bibliographical resources eventually becomes dated and needs to be revised to add more recent works. Since Black’s book was published in 1993, it is long overdue for an update. This is especially true in terms of computer resources, but even major reference works in print are revised from time to time and new works are published which supersede older standards. These notes are designed to supplement and update Dr. Black’s recommendations.

• Study Questions for Silva, God, Language and Scripture and for Carson, Exegetical Fallacies. These are materials that I use with a second year Greek course. They may be of interest to others. (169K v. 5 .pdf file)

• Elementary Greek Vocabulary (.pdf file) This document contains all the NT Greek words that occur 50 times or more in the NT, sorted by chapter in Mounce's Basics of Biblical Greek and including the card numbers from both Gromacki's and Mounce's vocabulary cards. List updated and revised, Sept. 2006. (The older list for the 1st ed. of Mounce is still available: Basic Greek Vocabulary).

• Intermediate Greek Vocabulary (assignments for my Greek Reading course as of fall 2004; includes words 28-49X in the NT, sorted by week assigned [coordinated with reading assignments] and then by frequency; glosses have been updated as well) 97K .pdf file. The original list, sorted by frequency then week assigned (not reading-coordinated), posted here is still available as Frequency Vocabulary (130k .pdf file) This older document contains all NT Greek words that occur 27 times or more in the NT, sorted by frequency. 
• Vocabulary for Colossians (57K .pdf file) Specialized vocab. for working in Colossians. Originally prepared for my Exegesis of Colossians class. It lists words between 5 and 27 times in the NT (or 2x+ in Col.).
• Difficult Primary Verb Forms (174K v. 5 .pdf file) This chart lists the more troublesome of the primary verb forms [aka, principal parts]. These are the 50 forms underlined in Mounce's charts and recommended as helpful for a beginning student to memorize. Chart was originally prepared by Ron Hall, one of my students; I've revised it slightly.

Other Resources

• Theology Resources page
  (I've moved the more theologically oriented items that I've authored to their own page since this page was getting a bit to large. New items will still be listed here.)

• Megiddo Inscription photos (& a few key links); this is the Oct. 2005 discovery in Megiddo, Israel of what could be one of, if not *the* earliest Christian meeting places--late 3d or very early 4th C. is the date presently being proposed. When I get time, I'll post my transcriptions and translations of the 3 inscriptions found there, including the one that refers to "God--Jesus Christ").

• Library Classification & Filing System for Biblical & Theological Studies
  I am frequently asked about organizing a biblical studies library--usually by students, but others inquire as well. As a result I've finally decided that I should take the time to make my own system available in a form that I can show others. The outline linked here is based on 30 years of sifting, sorting, consulting, adapting, inventing, revising, etc. my own personalized classification system for biblical studies.
• Doing Greek on a Palm--This page that lists relevant information regarding using a PalmOS hand held computer to "do Greek."
• Biblical Theological Dictionary  This is a spelling dictionary of about 2,600 specialized terms from biblical, theological studies for use with Microsoft Word/Office and any other word processors/programs that use plain text files as custom spelling dictionaries. (Link here is to another page with more detail and a download option.)
• Bible Reading Chart (74K .pdf file, v. 5) You may find it simpler to set a goal of reading a certain number of chapters a day than to try and stick to some of the formal schedules that are available. They work fine for some people, but for others, the (false) guilt or discouragement that come from "getting behind" is not helpful. If you miss a day or don't read the number of chapters you planned, you don't need to go back and "catch up" (though you can if you have time)-just keep going. It may take you a bit longer this way, but better to finish a little later than not finish at all. If you want to read through the Bible in one or two years, the following figures may be useful. There are 1,189 chapters in the Bible, so reading an average of 5 days a week, to read the entire Bible in one year, you would need to average about 4.5 chapters per day; in 2 years, about 2.3 chapters per day; Reading one chapter a day will take you through the Bible in about 4.5 years. Reading through the Bible in one year isn't one of the Ten Commandments, but it is a helpful spiritual discipline. Many people will find a slower pace more helpful, even if they don't keep up with Joe or Aunt Matilda. And if I may be so bold, try reading all the way through in a different translation some time-you'll be surprised at how much you notice that you tend to "read over" in your more familiar translation. (Try the NIV or the NASB [1995 update edition] or the new ESV if you haven't read them through before.) By using various markings (circle, underline, line through, hi-light, etc.) and different color inks multiple readings may be marked on this sheet. The top part of this sheet will fit in most standard-size Bibles to use as a bookmark, or it may be fastened inside the cover so that it doesn't get lost.

Grammatical Diagrams

I have also included the Accordance files for a few of these texts, though they will only be readable/useable for those with Accordance. I've appended a nonstandard ".acc" suffix to these files for identification purposes and to mollify the server. You will have to change the type and creator of these files in order to be readable in Accordance since that info doesn't seem to survive the file transfer.

*Accordance is the best technical Greek software on any platform--though you'll need to buy a Mac to use it--and it's worth the price [of the Mac, that is!] to do so.  :)
(FWIW, on Windows, BibleWorks is perhaps the most capable for language work [and now has a diagramming module, though a bit clumsy], though Libronix is slowly catching up--but the new language features are "grafted on" pieces--and that to a large, unwieldy, slow program. I will say that the diagramming module now included in Libronix is the best of the three programs listed here [though it still has its annoyances!]. And yes, I have all 3, but I still boot up my *old* Mac to run Accordance when I want to do some serious work in this area.)

• Acts 2:22-23 grammatical diagram (32K .pdf file) (Accordance file)
• Acts 2:38 grammatical diagram (30K .pdf file) (Accordance file)
• Eph. 1:3-14, phrasing, Greek & English in parallel cols. (2 legal pages, landscape mode; 15K .pdf file)
• Col. 2:1-2, grammatical diagram (24K .pdf file)
• Col. 3:1-4, diagrammed, pdf file, Accordance file (stuffed)
• 2 Thess. 2:1-12 grammatical diagram (full version; 27K .pdf version)
• 2 Thess. 2:1-12 grammatical diagram (student version; 28K .pdf version) This is a "worksheet" format with the full grammatical structure, but with progressively more "blanks" throughout the passage. Work through the text and fill in the blanks, then use the "full version" above as an answer key. This will help you not only understand the grammar and syntax of the text, but it will also begin to teach you (one form of) grammatical diagramming.
• Heb. 5:11-6:12, diagram (31K .pdf file) (Accordance file)
• 1 Peter 1:3-12, Grammatical Diagram (Acrobat v. 3 .pdf file, 2 pgs., 293K); also a "student worksheet" version; both prepared in Accordance. This is a "first draft" of a rather difficult passage, so if you find any problems, please let me know.

The "Fine Print": This page and those linked to it provide resource materials related to the study of the New Testament in areas related to Greek grammar, Greek syntax, exegesis, NT textual criticism, background, etc. There is also some Septuagint (LXX) material. Some of the material is my own, the balance of it consists of links to other pages which provide specific content. It is organized topically and by Bible books. This is an on-going project that will continue to expand as I have time to search and index additional sites (unfortunately, that time is currently at a premium). I welcome submissions and suggestions. See also my separate page of links to other sites; it also has a section of NT resources. Note that I own the domain, <www.NTResources.com>, but it is mapped to my faculty pages on our institutional server for administrative purposes. Another "short" URL for this page is <http://tinyurl.com/j3ve>. And you can also get here with the PURL: <http://purl.oclc.org/NT_Resources/>.To be automatically notified of changes to this page, see the TrackEngine option at the very bottom of this page.

This page serves as one of two "main/master pages" for many people's bookmarks as well as for search engine submissions. As a result there are a number of keywords specified that do not actually appear on this page (but do on the sub-pages linked from it). Some search engines don't like that (i.e., not finding the keywords in the meta tags on the same page), so the following list includes them in the body of the page to mollify such concerns (and it also gives you some idea of what you'll find elsewhere on this site): kenosis, euthus, verbal aspect, temporal deixis, Greek, koine, koine greek, New Testament, NT, Greek verb, Greek grammar, Greek syntax, exegesis, NT exegesis, Stanley Porter, Thomas Middleton, Greek article, Colwell's rule, participle, Jesus Seminar, cyberspace, hypertext, Galilee, font, Unicode.

NT: General | Biblical Theology | Textual Criticism | Grammar, Syntax & Exegesis  

Indiv. NT Books: Gospels | Pauline Epistles | General Epistles & Revelation | LXX